DBMiller wrote: Mon Aug 08, 2022 8:59 am
And for the real math nerds, how I got 361 and 56 without a calculator….
19*19=20*19-19=400-20-19=361
Then verified in my head, 81+90+190, yep.
(a+b)^2 = a^2+2ab+b^2
3136=2500+300+300+36, so a=50, b=6
What, you don't have 19^2 memorized?

Extension: you could also use a^2 - b^2 = (a+b)(a-b) with a = 19 and b = 1.
19^2 - 1^2 = (19+1)(19-1)
19^2 - 1 = 20*18
19^2 - 1 = 360
19^2 = 361
To check √3136 without a calculator (mind you, I did all this Sunday night after reading the posted solution), I know √4096 = 64, so I estimated √3136 = 56. (If a square ends in 6, its square root will end in 4 or 6.) There is a trick for squaring a two-digit number ending in 5, which I used to square 55: take the tens digit, 5, add 1, and multiply those two numbers. 5*6 = 30. Then stick a 25 on the end, and 55^2 = 3025. Then to get 56^2, do 3025 + 55 + 56. (Mental math: 3025 + 100 + 11, yup, that's 3136.) If 55^2 had been too large, I would have checked 54^2 by doing 3025 - 55 - 54.
I spent way too much time one-finger typing this on my phone and need to get in the shower before my Zoom algebra class starts in 30 minutes.
